Income Inequality in Iran Essay examples - 3422 Words

There are many problems that face Third World nations. Income inequality affects all nations in the world. It affects some countries more than others though. Income inequality is a major problem in the Third World. In the Third World, the top 1% of people earns 15 % of the income, and the top 5% earn 40% of the income. However the poorest 20% earn only 1% of the global income. This creates a world of haves and have nots. This affects many aspects of society in a county. In the Islamic Republic of Iran, income inequity is a serious issue. One social service that is affected greatly is education. Areas that are poorer do not get the same level of education as areas that are richer receive. This inequality in education is caused†¦show more content†¦The lack of foreign trade has severely hurt its GDP, but Iran is able to trade oil with China and receive large profits. This has been able to help grow the Iranian economy. However, the oil profits have not been able t o eradicate income inequality in Iran. There are many ways to measure income inequality of a nation. One way to measure income inequality is to check the distribution of benefits toward the overall population over broad demographics. For example, the distribution of education or health care over the entire population is a good measure of economic inequality. How many schools per capita is another way to measure income inequality. The most common way to measure income inequality is by the Gini Coefficient. The Gini Coefficient ranges from 0 to 1, with 0 meaning total income equality where everyone has an equal amount of personal income, to 1, where 1 person has all the income and everyone else has none of the income. Most nations fall between 0.12 and 0.75. The Gini Coefficient in 2010 for Iran is 0.44. This is a medium Gini Coefficient. For comparison, the Gini Coefficient for the United States is 0.38. The United States has a high Gini Coefficient for the developed world while Iran has a low Gini Coefficient for the developing world. The largest area of inequality in Iran is the rural-urban divide. In the mid-1980s there was an economic recession thatShow MoreRelatedThe main question is that whether my country is equitable information society or not. What does it700 Words   |  3 Pagesterm in social science, inequality. Classical and contemporary social theorists such as Weber, Marx and Burdieu expose it to discussion. In this sense, society is seen as a stratification system that is based on a hierarchy of power (the ability to direct someone else’s behavior), privilege (honor and respect), and prestige (income, wealth, and property), which leads to patterns of social inequality (Crossma, n.d.). There are two main paradigms which aim to theorize inequality in context of society;Read MoreIran s Impact On The Economy Of Iran1681 Words   |  7 PagesThe economy of Iran has caused a wave of disorder around the world. The root of Iran†™s problems comes from their troubled past which affects them today and will in the future. Iran is grasping desperately to stay relevant in todays world due to a struggling society and constant disagreement among leaders and their citizens. Iran has 10% of the world’s oil and has the fourth largest oil reserve in the world plus it ranks with the top 10 producers of global oil1. Despite having so many geographicalRead MoreThe Importance Of Doing Business In Iraq1175 Words   |  5 PagesNational Information of Iran GDP is a national measure of monetary value of all of the final goods, products and services, of a country in a given period. Nominal GDP is then used to distinguish the performance of different countries and periods. Iran’s GDP was $393.44 billion US dollars in 2015, according to Trading Economics (2017). The Islamic Republic has the second largest economy in the Middle East, behind Saudi Arabia. The world bank classifies it as an upper middle income country. The biggestRead MoreIran Changed The Middle East2133 Words   |  9 PagesIran, known as the Republic of Iran located in the Middle East, has been in economic and political downturn since its 1979 revolution. Led by supreme leader named Ayatollah Ali khamenei, who is responsible for their actions and supervision. It is a complex government, very islamic, the problems they are facing is economic development, transforming their government into a stable consolidated democracy and defining their national identity. Iran chan ged the Middle East by spreading its idea s and formsRead MoreIsrael s International Affairs : A Major Issue Of Social Inequality1149 Words   |  5 Pagesforths with Iran, Israel has a major issue of social inequality within their nation. Despite narrowing the number of Israelis in poverty and raising incomes in recent years, Inequality in Israel is still one of the highest of the Western developed countries. According to a report released by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, 18.6% of Israelis live beneath the poverty line, which can be defined as those who earn less than 50% of Israel’s median national income. Meanwhile,Read MoreGender Inequality : What s The Right Thing?1283 Words   |  6 PagesRobyn Mendoza Ms. Bergen English 10- 2 26 April 2013 Gender Inequality Gender inequality is an on going topic in society today. Women continue to struggle in finding equality next to men. Women should have the exact same rights as men, no matter what the differences are between the two genders. In the book Justice: What s the Right Thing to Do, Aristotle’s theory of justice is â€Å"giving people what they deserve† (Sandel 9). Women should not be restricted or constrained from anything that menRead MoreThe Issue Of Workplace Inequality1255 Words   |  6 PagesThere are many origins to the issue of workplace inequality. Across the world, women are getting paid less and less. The gender wage gap now stands at an average of 22 cents between genders. It is common knowledge that women were often not allowed to work in the past, and if they did they didn’t have the best jobs. With women increasing their education and work experience, it shouldn’t still be an issue. On average, a woman who goes to the same college, gets the sa me job, and has the same amountRead MoreFriedman s Explanation Of The Brave New World Facing Us Essay1097 Words   |  5 PagesFriedman says the world is flat, he means that the world economy is fast becoming a â€Å"level playing field† in which opportunities are converging. But, the truth is we live in a world with enormous inequalities, 20% of the world population living in the developed countries having 80% of the GDP of the world income as compared to the rest of the world. Factory workers in the United States saw their jobs being threatened by competition from China. Farmers in developing countries saw their jobs being threatenedRead MoreThe Iranian Revolution Of 19791396 Words   |  6 Pagesfigures set in a dichotomy of sorts, with each representing the two different states of Iran, Iran pre and post revolution. These two individuals, Mohamed Reza Pahlavi and Ruhollah Khomeini comprised the leadership position of Iran before and after the revolution, and due to acti ons of those who were in favor of the revolution became directly associated with what was the old, and what was the new path for Iran. The Iranian Revolution of 1979 was one of many efforts in widely Islamic nations thatRead MoreInternational Trade And Gender Wage Inequality1426 Words   |  6 Pagesand Gender Wage Inequality Motivation for the Research: In recent years, globalization and international trade has become a significant issue for countries. Consumers tend to use more goods and services and due to the lack of resources, the need to trade with other countries seems to be inevitable. Assuming that globalization would occur, labor factors become noteworthy. Although growth in international trade provide more job opportunities for people, there are still inequality in wage between male

Robert Frost Essay - 1396 Words

Robert Frost Robert Frost is one of the few twentieth century poets to receive critical acclaim and popular acceptance (Magill 728). His simplistic style appeals to the novice and expert poetry reader alike. Robert Frosts understated emotional appeal attracts readers of all literary levels. Frost develops subtly stated emotions and a clever use of imagery in his poetry. Influences on his poetry include his family, work, and other life experiences (Oxford 267). Frost also works to develop iambic pentameter using simple language, in an attempt to effectively portray the New England lifestyle (Magill 723). Frost successfully blends classic poetry and a modern simplicity to create a new generation of poetry lovers. Frosts†¦show more content†¦Frost combines this unadorned style with an ability to blend common language with artistic expressions. Frost first learns the beauty of the straightforward, manner of speech from the rural people of New England: On his New Hampshire farm he discovered this in the character of a man with whom he used to drive along the country roads, (Braithewaite). His first books, A Boys Will and North of Boston, which reflect this discovery are published in 1914 and gain him instant status as a unique and talented poet (Braithewaite). Frost wrote these books after he had moved to England in 1912 to pursue a full time writing career and upon his return to America in 1915. He is pleasantly surprised to find his poetry gaining popularity among poetry readers. Many critics also delight in this promising young poet. Poetic scholars marvel at his exceptional ability to learn from the best English and American poets, while at the same time retaining his own identity (Braithewaite). Robert Frost studies poetry for years, practicing and refining his own style. He assumes the qualities of each poet that he enjoys most, and fuses them with his own (Braithewaite). For example, much of Frosts poetry is written in iambic pentameter. He attempts to listen to New Englanders naturally iambic rhythm and adopt it into his poetry (Magill 726). By using iambic pentameter,Show MoreRelatedFrost, By Robert Frost1976 Words   |  8 PagesRobert Frost, an indigenous New England poet, is deserving of an ovation for his contributions and magnitude in American Literature. Frost advises his readers to be actively engaged in questioning the world we inhabit (49, Dickstein). In most of Frost’s work, readers and critics enjoy his choices of theme, likely being the outdoors and his surroundings. By using â€Å"emotions recollected in tranquility† and his organic and inviolable relationship with his countryside, he celebrates New England’s naturalRead MoreRobert Frost1276 Words   |  6 PagesRobert Frost has been described as an ordinary man with a deep respect for nature, talking to ordinary people. To what extent do you agree with this view? Poetry is a literary medium which often resonates with the responder on a personal level, through the subject matter of the poem, and the techniques used to portray this. Robert Frost utilises many techniques to convey his respect for nature, which consequently makes much of his poetry relevant to the everyday person. The poems â€Å"Stopping by WoodsRead MoreRobert Frost1943 Words   |  8 PagesA Snowy Evening with Robert Frost Robert Frost once said, â€Å"It begins as a lump in the throat, a sense of wrong, a homesickness, a loneliness. It is never a thought to begin with. It is at best when it is a tantalizing vagueness.† (â€Å"Poetry Foundation† n.d.). This poem holds a lot of mystery in its meaning which has a variety of interpretations. John T. Ogilvie who wrote, â€Å"From Woods to Stars: A pattern of Imagery in Robert Frost’s Poetry† interprets this as a poem about the journey through lifeRead MoreFrost, By Robert Lee Frost1565 Words   |  7 PagesAs Robert Lee Frost, an honored American poet once said, â€Å"A poem begins as a lump in the throat, a sense of wrong, a homesickness, a lovesickness.† Frost earned respect through his expertise in colloquial language, and his descriptive interpretations of rural life. Frost often analyzed social and philosophical leitmotifs using settings from early twenty-first century New England. Frost was honored in his life time with four Pulitzers. Furthermore, focusing mostly on analyzing Frost’s most popularRead MoreThe Poetry Of Robert Frost3137 Words   |  13 Pagesexamine the poetry of Robert Frost for references to themes of nature, religion, and humanity and how they relate to each other. This exercise will be prefaced with a brief introduction to the man and his life as a segue to better understanding Frost’s verse. The unexpected but unavoidable aim of this composition will be to realize that Frost’s body of work is almost too sophisticated to comprehend, his manipulation of language so elusive that each reader may believe Frost is speaking only to themRead MoreEssay on Robert Frost1248 Words   |  5 Pages Robert Frost   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Robert Frost, an Americian poet of the late 19th century, used nature in many of his writings. This paper will discuss the thought process of Frost during his writings, the many tools which he used, and provide two examples of his works.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Robert Frost was born in San Franciso on March 26, 1874, but later moved to Lawrence, Massachuschusetts (after his father died) where he did most of his writing. He was a simple man who taught, worked in a mill, was a reporter, wasRead More Robert Frost Essay559 Words   |  3 Pages Robert Frost nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Robert Lee Frost, was one of America’s leading 20th Century poets, and a four time winner of the Pulitzer Prize. Frost did not receive these recognitions until his later years when his poetic brilliance was finally recognized. â€Å"Frost was a pioneer in the interplay of rhythm and meter†( Waggoner 1). Frost’s brilliance was contributed by many things; including his life, career, and literary works. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Robert Frost was born on MarchRead More Robert Frost Essay873 Words   |  4 Pages â€Å"Good fences makes good neighbors,† is a small portion from the Mending Wall written by one of modern times most proficient writers, Robert Frost. Two of the critical articles I examined were quite helpful in gaining a better understanding of the â€Å"Mending Wall† and also of Robert Frost’s poetry. The Gale Research shows the best and most effective understanding of the â€Å"Mending Wall,† mainly because it deals specifically with that poem. It basically states that the poem is built around two attitudesRead MoreRobert Frost Essay1314 Words   |  6 PagesRobert Frost was a very successful author who wrote many award winning poems. Frost’s career in poetry took some time, but he eventually reached his goal of becoming a popular poet. Frost has had a very successful life as an author, but that wasn’t until he was noticed. Fros t has won four Pulitzer Prizes for Poetry and various other awards. Robert Frost was world renowned and even attended John F. Kennedy’s inauguration. Frost wasn’t noticed until he was nearly 40 years old, but he kept working towardsRead MoreEssay on Robert Frost1443 Words   |  6 Pages Robert Lee Frost was born in San Francisco on March 26, 1874 and died in Boston on January 29, 1963. Frost was considered to be one of America’s leading 20th century poets and a four-time winner of the Pulitzer Prize. He was an essentially pastoral poet who was often associated with rural New England. Frost wrote poems of a philosophical region. His poems were traditional but he often said as a dig at his archrival Carl Sandburg, that â€Å"he would soon play tennis without a net as write free verse

Early marriage Essay Example For Students

Early marriage Essay Early marriage is the marriage of children and adolescents below the age of 18. Causes:According to UNICEFs Innocenti Research Centre, the practice of marrying girls at a young age is most common in Sub-Saharan African and South Asia. There are specific parts of West Africa and East Africa and of South Asia where marriages before puberty are not unusual. However, the Centre also notes that marriage shortly after puberty is common among those living traditional lifestyles in the Middle East, North Africa and other parts of Asia. Marriages of female adolescents between sixteen and eighteen are common in parts of Latin America and Eastern Europe. As early marriage is widely practiced in developing countries, a global issue has arisen as to whether early marriage does really hinder self development due to the consequences it brings to young girls. The practice is believed to bring several benefits to some extent. However, the adverse effects it brings can impede the self-development of young adolescences in many aspects including health consequences, character building and education as well as career opportunities. 1. 2Purpose of Research The main purpose of this research is to discover students’ opinion about early marriage. Do they agree with early marriage or not. The second goal is to know whether early marriage brings either benefits or harms to students. Even though early marriage is already becoming a social norm in the third world countries the society still does not fully aware of this phenomenon. Thus the third goal of this research is to increase the awareness of the society regarding early marriage. 1. 3Method of Research For the purpose of this research, relevant information was obtained from internet and books. This report is divided into several parts such as background information, factors that lead to early marriage, advantages and disadvantages of early marriage, as well as either early marriage can impede self development of young adolescence or not. A set of questionnaire will be distributed to 35 SAM student of INTI International University College. Some of the questions are using 6-point Likert scale, as it is the best measurement scale to gain people’s response without anyone sitting on the fence (Faculty Senate Advancement of Teaching (AOT) Committee, 2004). An interview also will be conducted as part of the research techniques. 2. BACKGROUND INFORMATION ABOUT EARLY MARRIAGE. 1. Terms and Terminologies Oxford Advance Learners’ Dictionary (2006, page 481 and 941), defines early as near to the beginning of a period. Meanwhile, marriage means the legal relationship between a husband and wife. In short, early marriage means the legal relationship between a husband and wife at the beginning of their youth life. (Oyortey, N Pobi, S 2003) They also defines early matrimony as any marriage that take place before the party involved is at least 18 years old (Oyortey, N Pobi, S 2003). . Statistical Studies of Early Marriage 1. Prevalence of Young Marriage The practice of young marriage is most common in developing countries (United Nation Children’s Fund (UNICEF), 2001). As reported by Joyce (2001), the analysis made by Demographic and Healthy Survey data shows the countries which face most cases of early marriage are Latin America, Sub-Saharan Africa and Southeast Asian regions. Among the countries that have high cases of young marriage, Niger is the most distinctively affected country with 88 percent of the women married before the age of 18. Adapted From: Joyce, L. F. , et al. (2001). Future Options Foreclosed: Girls Who Marry Early. Reproductive Health and Rights. 139-143. Retrieved January 25, 2008, from the World Wide Web: http://www. path. org/files/RHR-Article-14. pdf. 3. Major Factors That Lead to Early Marriage The reasons leading to the immense number of youngsters that marry in most developing countries varies. Poverty is one of the main factors underpinning early marriage (Joyce, 2001). A young girl is regarded as an economic burden to a poor family, thus early marriage is considered as a strategy for economic survival. A recent study of five very poor villages in Egypt shows that young girls are being married off to much older men from oil-rich Middle Eastern countries for family survival (UNICEF, 2001). Besides, early marriage is one way to vouch that a girl is secured from physical and sexual harassments (UNICEF, 2001). Many parents from different beliefs and customs regard that early marriage is essential to safeguard their daughters from these abuses. For instance, some families in Northern Uganda encourage their young girls to marry militia members in order to secure protection (UNICEF, 2001). Furthermore, as reported by Mathur in her report, they emphasized that gender roles is one of the main causes of the occurrence of early matrimony. (Mathur, S, et al 2003) A study conducted shows that in major culture of the developing countries, the transition age of a girl from children to adulthood are not meant for them to find their own personality. Whereas, all the experience they gain during the time span of being adolescence are only for them to be prepared for matrimony (Mathur, S, et al 2003) Additionally, another factor that contributes to early spousal elationship is because of the fear that the girl may lose her virginity before she gets married since many regard it as the paramount attribute to a girl’s esteem. (Mathur, S, et al 2003) A survey had revealed that early marriage was considered as a solution of pregnancy outside of marriage. (Huq and Amin, 2001 as cited in Mathur S et al, 2003) And in the third world countries, marriage shortly after puberty is commo n among those living traditional lifestyles (Joyce, 2001). 2. Opponents’ Views Against Early Marriage 3. 1 The Denial of Education The opposition of early marriage believed that early marriage denies the right of young adolescents especially for female to the education they postulate for self-development. In traditional societies, the investment for a girl’s education is thought to be wasted as the girl is going to marry and stay at home doing household chores (UNICEF, 2001). For instance, Demographic Health Survey data collected from Bangladesh, Nepal, Indonesia, and Kazakhstan had shown a clear link between marriage and withdrawal from school (UNICEF, 2001). A girl will drop out from school, if a good marriage prospect arises (UNICEF, 2001). Because of the early end of female education, they will have constricted chances of enhancing skills and acquiring knowledge, restricting their economic and career opportunities (Joyce, 2001). This is because withdrawal from school will results in functionally illiterate and unskilled women causing them to have no perceivable part in many professional field. 2. Health and Reproduction Problem Those who are not in the favour of early marriage had argued that early childbearing which always occurs in early marriage endanger the lives of both the mother and her baby (Joyce, 2001). The early pregnancy increases the risk of complications and dying during delivery. A report shows that the risk of death due to pregnancy-related cases is doubled among women aged from 15 to 19 compared to adult women (Adhikari, 2006). They further stressed that these girls are also more susceptible to sexually-transmitted diseases (UNICEF, 2001). A girl is physiologically more inclined to contracting HIV/AIDS, based on the idea stating that a girl vagina is still not yet well protected with protective cells and her cervix may be more easily eroded (Oyortey, N Pobi, S 2003). For instance, in some of the worst affected African countries, teenage girls are being infected at a rate of five to six times greater than those of young men (Oyortey, N Pobi, S 2003). 3. Psychosocial Disadvantages When early marriage takes place, the girl will be confronted by some, if not many, emotional stress. Sociologists suggested that this is due to their confinement at home because of the endless household chores hence denying them of their freedom (UNICEF, 2001). Most of the girls that are affected by the aforementioned situation will eventually have negative effects on their emotional well being. An Indian research conducted in Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh found that the spouses of early marriage usually suffered from great psychosocial damage (UNICEF, 2001). Another concern raised by the opponents is that the young girl loses her social life outside her family cycle and this will affect her chances of cultivating her own identity (UNICEF, 2001). The most important implication of this is that her self-esteem is silently hindered from being developed and this will make her vulnerable to sexual and physical violence. In Eastern Africa for instance, a young wife has no rights to refuse sex to her husband even though her partner is suspected with HIV (UNICEF, 2001). 4. 0 Proponents’ Views on Early Marriage 4. 1 Health Benefits The proponents believed that body functions are more effective and healthy at early stage in life. For women, the body is particularly geared towards reproduction during early adulthood (Orsi, 2001). Early marriage is beneficial because desire and energy from young couples produce healthy offspring. The Tempest and Dreams EssaySome of the cases were caused by love and arranged marriage but it is not as significant as compared to the cases that are caused by premarital sex. Sex outside of legal marriage is the major contributor to early marriage. He added that in Malaysia, a few steps have been taken by the government in order to reduce the problem. Under Malaysian Law, youngsters who want to get married must be at least 18 years old for male and likewise 16 years old for female and both of them must have permission from the court. Also, for Muslim, Malaysian government will provide them with courses regarding marriage, before and after marriage. This is to enhance the relationship between those who had married so that divorcement can be somewhat prevented. When Encik Eizzul was asked this particular question, â€Å"which one is more important, practising early marriage in order to hold back the teenagers from committing sin or not practising it due to the consequences it bring? †, he answered it depends on the youngsters itself. But from his point of view, some Muslim scholars had agreed that it is permissible to the teenagers to masturbate, only after he or she had tried to control himself or herself but still cannot put their sexual desire on hold. But still, by doing this, it is far much better than getting married and then put a hole on the family institution, hence leads to social deterioration. Encik Eizzul also expresses his disagreement towards the statement â€Å"early marriage restrict the bride’s mobility and cause them to less socialize. † The term socialize has a big meaning and not only restricted to social life with bachelors only. There are a lot of organizations for married women such as organizations for mothers, organization for wives and many others. So, based on his explanations, the statement is not quite true. Finally, Mr Eizzul ‘Ala concluded that early marriage brings more harm than good to youngsters nowadays because of unhealthy consequences that it brings to them. 8. 0 Conclusion In short, the practice of early marriage in our society today does hinder personal development of individuals in terms of health, character building and intellectual qualities. First, a girl is more susceptible to diseases and complications when sex intercourse takes place between the spouses occur at an early age. Early pregnancies followed by childbearing can also bring harm to the girl by increasing the risks of dying and complications during delivery. The loss of mobility and social life due to the early marriage will result in lack of self esteem and great emotional stress. In addition, limited education is obvious among those who marry early. The findings, which is the interview and survey that had been conducted has a contradict results with my hypothesis. Most of the respondents as well as the person that I had interviewed disagree with early marriage. This is maybe because of the background of my respondents. Majority of them were Chinese so they may have different way in viewing this matter. Parenting skills may have a great impact to the children in seeing the world. There are also some possibilities that the place where my respondents grew up affect the result. The value from urban area might be different with the value from rural area. Nonetheless, the results of my findings are in the same line with results from other research which is scholarly. Therefore, the practice of early marriage is proven to hinder personal development and should be reduced among young adolescents especially in developing countries with high incidence of young marriage. 9. 0 Bibliograph |Adhikari, R. K. (2006). Early Marriage and Childbearing: Risks and Consequences. | |62-64, (Online) Available from: www. ho. int/ reproductive-health/ publications/towards_adulthood/7. pdf. (Accessed: 14th January| |2008) | |Faculty Senate Advancement of Teaching (AOT) Committee, (February 2002). Available from: | |http://oregonstate. edu/dept/senate/agen/reports/aot. rep. html | |(Accessed:12th December 2007) | |Joyce, L. F. , et al. (2001). Future Options Foreclosed: Girls Who Ma rry Early. |Reproductive Health and Rights. 139-143. (Online) Available from: http://www. path. org/files/RHR-Article-14. pdf. (Accessed 25th | |January 2006) | |Judith K. M. , (n. d). Marriage A Thing of the Past? (Online) Available from http://www | |. islamonline. net/iol-english/dowalia/society-27-12/society1. asp. (Accessed 14th January 2008) | | | |Kermalli, Y G. , (May 2006). The Community on Friday Importance of Early Marriage in Islam (Online) Available from: | |http://www. worldfederation. org/ Secretariat/TConFri/Tconfri_EarlyMarriage. htm. (Accessed: 12th February 2008) | |Mathur, S et al (2003). Too Young To Wed, The Lives, Rights, and Health Of Young Married Girls. Available from: http://www. | |icrw. org/docs/tooyoungtowed | |_1003. pdf (Accessed: 19th October 2007) | |Orsi, M. P. (October, 2001). A Case for Earlier Marriage. (Online) Available from Ignatius Press: | |http://www. catholicculture. org. docs/. (Accessed 29th January 2008) | |Oxford Advance Learners Dictionary, 7th edition, English level: Upper- Intermediate to Advance, 2006, Sally | |Wehmeier,California, USA. (page 481 and 941) | | | |Oyortey, N. Pobi, S. , (2003). Early Marriage and Poverty. (Online) Available from | |http://www. eenet. org. uk/key_issues/gender/emarriage_poverty. pdf. (Accessed 27th November 2007) | | | |United Nation Children’s Fund. (2001). â€Å"The Impact of Early Marriage On | |Children and On Society†. Innocenti Digest 7- Early Marriage Child Spouses. | |(Online), March 2001. (Online) Available from: http://www. unicef-icdc. rg/publications/pdf/digest7e. pdf. (Accessed 3rd January | |2008) | 10. 0 Appendix 10. 1 Interview Question Interview Questions for Investigative Study: 1) Based on your personal experience handling the early marriage and divorc e cases between young couples, is early marriage gives more harm or benefit to the youngsters nowadays? 2) What are the factors that contribute to early marriage? 3) What can be done by the government to curb the practise of early marriage? ) From your opinion, which one is more important, practising early marriage in order to hold back the teenagers from committing sin or not practising it due to the consequences it bring? 5) Some people claims that marriage at an early age restrict women mobility and hence they will have fewer friends. They also tend to be stressful since they lost their happy-youth time and have to serve their husband at such age. How do you feel about this? 6) What are your personal views on the practise of early marriage among the adolescents? 10. 2 Survey Questions My name is Muhamad Nur Farhan Muhamad Fadzil; ID No: I 07007006. Currently I am studying South Australian Matriculation Programme at INTI International University College. I am conducting a survey regarding marriage at an early age for my English as Second Language Research Investigation Studies. I am concerned with the practice of early marriage at most of developing countries and its consequences towards young adolescents. I sincerely appreciate your cooperation in completing this questionnaire. All views will be kept confidential. 1. You are: Male Female 2. Age: _____ 3. Where is your hometown? Urban area. ] Rural area. 4. What is your race? Malay Chinese Indian Punjabi Others 5. How many siblings do you have? 1-2 None 3-4 Other (if any) 5-6 |Very important |Important |Neutral |Not important |Not important at all | |1 |2 |3 |4 |5 | 6. How vital is it for you to graduate from university? 7. When do you think is the best time to get married? ] Now After tertiary education After high school Don’t know During tertiary education Never |Strongly agree |Agree |Somehow agree |Somehow |Disagree |Strongly agree | | | | |disagree | | | |1 |2 |3 |4 |5 |6 | Please select and circle the response category that best represents your reaction to each statement 8. Marriage can change a person for the better. How much do you agree or disagree with the following statements when adolescents marry at 18 or younger? They would Strongly Agree Somehow Somehow Disagree Strongly Agree Agree Disagree Disagree 9. Have more friends. 1 2 3 4 5 6 10. Face health problems (early 1 2 3 4 5 6 Childbearing, early pregnancy, HIV and AIDS). 11. Not need for education. 1 2 3 4 5 6 12. Have financial problems. 2 3 4 5 6 13. Have more marital stressors. 1 2 3 4 5 6 14. Have too many family 1 2 3 4 5 6 responsibilities and no time for education. For question no 16, if you agree, please proceed to the next question, if you disagree, please proceed to question 21. 15. Do you have any experience regarding early marriage? (Yourself, relatives or friends) No Yes, please describe the experience__________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ________________ ____________________________________________ ________________________________________________ 16. How long does the couple’s relationship survive? _______ Years. 17. Is the couple happy with their situation now? Yes. No. please states the reasons. ____________________________________________________________ ________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ________________________________ 18. When the couple decides to get married early, are there any obstacles? No Yes 19. What are the obstacles? Parent’s disagreement Financial constraints Others. (Please states the obstacles below) ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ________________________________ 20. In your opinion, do you agree or disagree with early marriage? (Please express your opinion) ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _______ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ _______________ _____________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________

Crossing the Threshold free essay sample

The Courage of Scott Carded It Is difficult to know what one will do when faced with a life or death decision. Many do not even encounter such choices. What Is thought In that spit second moment? You could save yourself or possibly save another; you could also die trying. Could you put all self-regarding values aside and complete an absolute act of courage? This Is a man who did. Scott Carded had the courage to risk his own life for another.It was Coots third deployment. He Is Infantry. He and his men walk directly Into an enemy ruse. Gunfire and grenades threaten their very existence. Staff Sergeant screams to take cover, but it is too late for one man. He is down, lying vulnerably in the open. Between shots and explosions, Scott can hear the agonizing screams. He has no time to hesitate, enemy fire is closing in. We will write a custom essay sample on Crossing the Threshold or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Stay behind cover in safety or aide his brother in arms. No man left behind he shouts at his commanding officer. Scott tears through the sand toward the screaming, toward the danger, toward his possible death. As he reaches his destination, he is shot through his hand by an enemys rifle. Does he flee? No. He drags the man who has been shot through his stomach the 500 Ft. To cover with his other hand. Scott hears an all too familiar screech. He will not lose this man, not now; he knows what to do. He lies on top of him to absorb the airborne shrapnel from the grenade. The metal pierces his back and side.That man is alive today because Scott risked his life for him. Scott crossed the threshold when he stepped out of cover to retrieve a friend. He overcame fear of death and fear of failure. Courage is not absence of fear, but making the choice to overcome it, facing it head-on. Scott Carded was awarded a bronze star and multiple purple hearts in reward of his single act of courage. He did not give up. He was determined. Do not give up on your objective; you may even save a life.

The reasons we as Americans buy on credit varies, Essay Example For Students

The reasons we as Americans buy on credit varies, Essay but without it most of us would probably never be able to purchase necessities such as a home or automobile. The nations economy depends on credit, and the promise to pay later for goods and services used today; but along with consumer credit had come consumer debt. With the rise in telemarketing and commercializing in America it is no wonder why Americans feel the impulse to buy now, pay later. The most common form of consumer debt is installment debt, which is when a consumer borrows the money to purchase an item and agrees to repay the loan in equal installments over a fixed period of time. We will write a custom essay on The reasons we as Americans buy on credit varies, specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Without installment debt most consumers could not afford to purchase items such as a home. The truth of the matter is that we, as Americans, tend to want to purchase more than we can afford to purchase when we want it. But, we can afford to pay it out, over time, in fixed payments. Mortgages, a debt owed on real property, are the latest form of installment debt. Other forms include automobile loans and credit card purchases. Just pick up the newspaper any time after Christmas and you will find articles on managing your mounting debt from Christmas. Not realizing the extent of the consumers debt is one of the most common types of credit problems. Denial may play a partial role in this problem, but the lack of education seems to be the largest reason for consumer debt. Credit card use is up 20% and a large number of Americans do not know the percentage rate at which the credit card companies charge. Many credit card companies have started personalizing interest rates by not disclosing the interest rate until after the consumer has received the card. By not disclosing the interest rate on the application the credit card companies prohibit the consumer from shopping around for the best deal. You could just say they should cancel the credit card, but did you know several requests for consumer credit could be viewed negatively because the information is reported to the credit bureaus? This leaves you, the consumer, with a bad credit report. Household debt and bankruptcy are at record levels and appear to be on the rise. Until we as consumers begin to educate ourselves and stop living beyond our means, we only have ourselves to blame. In conclusion, although consumers are not forced to buy, most feel compelled to purchase goods and services because they need them and do not want to wait. Rather than saving they go into debt, the most common of which is installment debt. Bibliography 1. Miller, R. L., Economics: Today and Tomorrow, Hesterville, Ohio; Glencoe-McGraw Hill, 19952. Major Growing Pains U.S. News and World Report (Oct. 21, 1996) Pg. 62-643. Whats the Rate? They Wont Say. U.S. News and World Report (Aug. 19, 1996) pg.614. Lee, Susan Susan Lees ABZs of Economics New York; Poseidon Press, 1987

UFOs Essays - Ufologists, Extraterrestrial Life, Contactees

UFOs Essays - Ufologists, Extraterrestrial Life, Contactees UFOs UFOs: ?What are they In the past fifty years, UFO sightings have shot up in numbers. Now that there are enough witnesses, we can try to find out what or who these UFOs really are. When asked about the incidents, the government would make something up for an explanation instead of telling the truth. It?s up to people like you and me to find out what really happened. The number of sightings of UFOs in the United States alone is phenomenal. Even though it has been determined that many photographs of flying objects, discs, and lights at night have been hoaxes, modern video footage taken by several different people is considered to be authentic. At a Texas airshow, many spectators got video of what was believed to be a UFO in broad daylight (Omni 54). The states where UFO sightings are most prominent are California, Texas, Washington, Oregon, the Gulf Coast States, and some New England States (Ritchie 220). An interesting fact about these areas is that they are on or near the ocean or some other body of water. Although the area is not near a major body of water, the desert in the western states (mainly Arizona, Nevada, and New Mexico) seems to be a leading area in sightings. In Nevada?s desert, the government is supposedly housing a crashed UFO in a place called Area 51, which may explain some of the sightings. UFOs sighted have many different shapes and sizes according to witnesses. The Adamski Saucer, referring to George Adamski?s drawing from a personal experience, is described as a round disk with portholes around the circumference of a dome in the center and three-ball landing gear (Ritchie 3). Another type of spacecraft commonly described is the Saturn Shape. The Saturn Shape has a round circular body bisected by a disk in the middle (Ritchie 183). Hundreds of people around the world have also encountered UFOs. The countries where sightings are commonly reported are Australia, several Asian countries, Great Britain, Germany, and many other European countries (Ritchie 221). UFOs have even been sighted in space by astronauts. NASA?s code name for UFOs is Santa Claus. There are many different types of beings encountered in abductions and sightings. The majority of abductees claim to have seen a humanoid type alien with a large egg-shaped head, long, skinny arms and legs, large blackeyes, and slit-like mouths and nostrils. Characteristics of other aliens are insect-like features, clothed or unclothed, and hairless bodies. There are a number of documented UFO incidents ranging from abductions to crashes. The following are three well-known incidents in the UFO community: In Roswell, New Mexico, on the evening of July 2, 1947, many witnessed a large lit object streak across the sky and disappear just outside of Roswell. The next day, a local man was driving near town and sighted a huge wreckage. When local authorities arrived, they contacted the federal government. Within days, the wreckage was cleaned up and those who saw it were told to keep quiet, or else. After the media questioned the government as to what it was, the government replied that it was a weather balloon that had crashed. Many years later, eyewitnesses gave descriptions of the wreckage. They said that the material the craft was made of was like that they had never seen before. Some of it looked like tin-foil but would not tear or permanently crease. Other material had what resembled hieroglyphics written along the side. Along with the wreckage were three or four small alien bodies. They were completely hairless and were wearing tight-fitting, gray outfits. The pieces of the craft and the bodies were supposedly transported to an army base in Michigan that has very high security. The government?s clean up and cover up of the incident was done in a matter of two weeks (Ritchie 178). Albert Bender, a supervisor at an industrial firm in Bridgeport, Connecticut, has been abducted several times. He said that he can communicate with the aliens using telepathy. The aliens supposedly gave him a disk-shaped object that fit in his hand. When holding the object, they told him to say the word ?Kazik? while his radio was on. By doing this, he could

Compulsory Land Acquisition Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Compulsory Land Acquisition - Essay Example By the term public uses means, it can be for setting up educational institutions, health centre, widening roads or site for airport construction, etc. The issuing authority generally is central government but if motive is restricted to only particular state then state government handles the matter. Through government, sometimes societies registered under societies registration act2 or co-operatives under co-operative societies act also can participate for land acquisition. Before going into detail it is better to get acquainted with some important terms. "Date of acquisition" is the date on which a notice of acquisition in relation to land is published in Government Gazette. Or, if an interest is acquired by agreement, the date on which the interest vests in the Authority pursuant to the agreement3. Notice of intention to acquire is a notice that authority must serve upon each person who has an interest in the land, or is empowered by the purpose of special act to sell and convey or grant and release or lease such an interest4. Notice is not required in certain special cases like, if interest has been publicly advertised for sale and authority is sure about its availability by the time they want to acquire it. Property is located at General Holmes Drive, Botany and owner of that is Nice Corner Pty. Ltd. ... "Date of acquisition" is the date on which a notice of acquisition in relation to land is published in Government Gazette. Or, if an interest is acquired by agreement, the date on which the interest vests in the Authority pursuant to the agreement3. Notice of acquisition, according to this act means a notice regarding an interest in land publishing in the Government Gazette. Notice of intention to acquire is a notice that authority must serve upon each person who has an interest in the land, or is empowered by the purpose of special act to sell and convey or grant and release or lease such an interest4. Notice is not required in certain special cases like, if interest has been publicly advertised for sale and authority is sure about its availability by the time they want to acquire it. 3) Land Particulars Property is located at General Holmes Drive, Botany and owner of that is Nice Corner Pty. Ltd. That specified area measures 1 Hectare. Site is mostly commercial. Commonwealth has found interest on this property after seeing its best location nearby airport which can serve the purpose of recent airport and planned runway extension. Owner has Development Consent approval (DA) for a building. Before lodging DA, stage 1 of the building was leased by Cool Parachutes Pty Ltd. for an initial duration of 15 years with two 5 years options. As per the tenders received it is expected that commencement of this agreement will be from 1st November, 2007. 4) General Description The site on General Holmes Drive, Botany joins a rail corridor on the edge of land which is favorable for airport uses. Land has several improvements. Stage one is a steel framed building of 1500 square meters, he purpose of which is to accommodate lessee's

We are the champions sports essay media and cultural studies

We are the champions sports media and cultural studies - Essay Example After eating the free hot dogs, he discovered that his bicycle had been stolen. He reported the incident to the police. He was furious and he said he wanted to join the gym because he wanted to beat the person who stole his bike. Few days later he joined boxing in that Columbia gym and he was trained as a professional boxer. He later participated in 1960 Olympics where he won a gold medal. He later became more of a fighter when he started to become voice of civil rights, nation of Islam and also he was known to be one of the anti-Vietnam wars. Many political symbolisms surrounded his boxing career but he still became the greatest fighter in boxing. Throughout his career, he portrait different cultures and the way he was loved by many all over the world. Through many films in which he featured, political and economic issues were portrait. In the documentary called When We Were Kings, different cultures and politics are portrait. This documentary shows Ali’s beliefs on African-A merican and the Africans. Through Mohammad Ali’s films, it explains clearly how sports can be presented on televisions. Presentation of sports in television also brings in many issues pertained to politics, society and economics. Through Mohammad Ali’s life in the ring, it has been found out how boxing has improved the sport broadcasting in terms of finance and other innovations (Wiggins, 2006, pp.56). Boxing has been used to show how sports can be related to a particular race differences. Through boxing, issues of racial conflicts have been reported. This is shown by the relationship between heavyweights champion called Jack Johnson and some black heavyweights like Mohammad Ali and Joe Louis. These racial differences in sport are linked to the colonial traditions that existed long time ago. Racial differences are evidenced in the film When We Were Kings. This film shows how history of racial differences is redeemed. The career of Mohammad Ali is the clear evidence of

Why are you interested in pursuing this graduate program at the McColl Personal Statement

Why are you interested in pursuing this graduate program at the McColl School of Business - Personal Statement Example The degree would equip me the necessary skills to meet my professional goals. As such, the degree from this university becomes highly relevant in providing necessary skills and academic knowledge to become a successful professional in the field business management. Though I have no formal work experience but my four months’ training in a bank has made me realize the importance of acquiring professional qualifications in the business management. It will prepare me to face the challenges ahead of me in terms of new experiences and teach me to think strategically. I believe that it would help develop wider perspectives on relevant issues so that I could critically evaluate situations and resolve issues amicably. It would be especially relevant in the multicultural society where diverse ideologies could foster conflicts. Most importantly, the integrated business program would help me to work with confidence in global business with a global network of contacts and teach me how to collaborate as a team to meet the organizational objectives. The various modules of the course curricula are essential ingredients that provide students with a strong learning experience. I believe that the degree would hugely facilitate in meeting new challenges an d therefore significantly increase my job prospects. I have always been a highly self-driven person. I am also ambitious and would like to reach the highest level of professional excellence, both in terms of gaining knowledge and experience. The contemporary times necessitate versatility in the work ideology and functioning, thus making it vital that new skills and strategies are evolved to meet the emergent challenges with high efficiency and expertise. The new drifts in the professional areas have considerably impacted the socio-economic dynamics of the business. It has made work paradigms more competitive and at the same time more complex with the challenges of the diverse demands that have developed as a

The Two Stories Of Creation That Begin Genesis Religion Essay

The Two Stories Of Creation That Begin Genesis Religion Essay According the creation of genesis there two stories that differ from the other, but at the same time both of them have similarities .Genesis is the first book of the book which provokes conflict about creation of Earth. The first story of Genesis is introduced to Ps vision and how the creation was. Throughout this story, God human creation was in the six day; also God created humans by his own image. In the other side there is the second story of Genesis which represents the Js vision of creation, based on this story human have different origin from the first story. In Genesis II God did not created man by his own image, it was created of the dust of the ground(Genesis 2:7). Comparing both stories there is a huge difference of power between the two Gods. Moreover these two creations show evidence in different styles of writing and have conflict with it. Both versions of Genesis have been contrasted, in the first story of Genesis, the order of creation differ from Genesis II. In Genesis I the heaven was first, then came animals, and finally was the man. But in the other hand, Genesis II human was placed on Earth before the animals and nature.(genesis 1:1, genesis 2.1) After those different versions is really difficult to understand the truth of Gods creation. In comparison between these stories is that God created the Earth like human kind, but in different ways. The most important similarity is that God shows humans complete love and adornment and only gives them one strict measure not eat from the Tree of Knowledge in the Garden of Eden. But they do not obey him, and they eat from it anyway. Before the mankind comes, Genesis I have a lot of events such as firmament, waters, plants and animals. Meanwhile, in Genesis two the preparation for mans home was really emphatic and special planning upon human. There different emphases in the two storiesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦., but the reason for these is obvious. Genesis I continue the narrative of creation until the climax, namely, man made in the image and likeliness of God. In Genesis II gives certain added details about mans original condition, which would have been incongruous and out of place in the grand, declarative in Genesis I(Edward J. Young, 1960).Therefore in Genesis II the center of this creation was human, it involves his setting and how perfect God created him. And at the same time in Genesis II there is no mention of creation of Earth and Oceans. There is no allusion to the sun, moon. The main purpose of this creation is to show how man was developing around the Earth. In contrast Genesis I explain us a general conclusion of this creation that have lastly a human without any details that involves him. Therefore, it show a man which was created without any main goal, this story basically describe an important care of environment as plants and nature. Moreover, Genesis I the creation of human takes place on the sixth day and is as follows, And God said, Let us make man in our image, in our likeness. As a result God created man in his image and also male and female.(Genesis 1:26) Be fertile an increase, fill the Earth and master it. The story of Adam and Eve portrays them as the two characters that did not have enough understanding of the effects of disobedience would bring to their lives and their next generations. In comparison, there is another similarity is that in the first account, there was a pre-existing watery chaos. The ocean was already present and a wind moved across the surface. The seas rested on the dry land , which appeared on day 3 when God gathered the waters together.(Genesis 1:1 to 2:4). The second story says that there was pre-existing dry land.AT first God created Adam, and then began to create all other living things. As a result God before created human being, he had made the water around the world. In version Ps God was the creator, there was no mention of laws and redeeming, how this God had made everything and was omniscient. This contrast from the Ps vision God, the evidence of this is found in Genesis II , where J explain, You shall no eat from it and you shall not touch it, lest you died. (Genesis 3:3) In this case it is referring to the tree of Knowledge, in the Garden of Eden. This shows evidence that Js God was the lawgiver and judgment giver. When comparing this to Ps God, we can observe that Js God was not as all knowledge. In Js vision found this disobedience from Adam and Eve, thats why he started the judgment. It is in this aspect that Js God is not omniscient. Another big contrast as we can see in Genesis II, God require materials to make Earth. This is opposed to how God is making Earth in Genesis I. in genesis I, the earth could bring forth vegetation, in Genesis II, there is no vegetation without rain and tillage of the ground by man; God has plant the first garden himself (Wybrow, 138) So, it demonstrates the difference in the Earth process to be set up. Furthermore, another difference is that in genesis I God doesnt have a very clear characterization because God was more a powerful and omniscient being. While in Genesis II God was less powerful, simply because it could not just imagine something into creation. The best way to reconcile the accounts was to assume that in the six days of creation, God created the potential for everything that unfolded, so that the potentiality for humanity was created on the sixth day, and this potentiality then became actual when activated by the breath of God. So it avoids contradictions between the two stories. It is a really interesting text which could be connected with the evolution.(Augustine of Hippo).Therefore in real life both stories are based with a same purpose, created the man and environment around him, but both creations did it at his own style. In conclusion, to me understand in Genesis I and Genesis II there are great comparisons and differences about the creation. Genesis I was written by the author P who is known as Priestly writer. Genesis II was written by the author J. I believe that Genesis I and II are very important to have an argument to discuss and analyze the creation of the earth and men.

Rocky Mountain High :: essays research papers

â€Å"Rocky Mountain High†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Swish, swish, flap, swish, flap. The walls of my tent begin to shake vigorously. I roll over, rub my eyes, and try to figure out what in the hell is going on. Waking up from the long, cold nights sleep at 10,000 feet, my senses are not exactly what I would call â€Å"sharp as a tack†. I unzip my sleeping bag and a rush of cold mountain air sends shivers down my spine. I scramble around the tent, frantically trying to find some warm clothes. As I hop out of the tent, I realize the shaking was coming from the other members in my group giving me a camper’s wake up call. Still in a morning daze, I ask, â€Å"What’s for breakfast?† After the laughter dies down, I realize the Clif bar I packed the day before will be the only breakfast I get.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  As I scramble around camp, I notice the first glints of sunshine shoot over the ridge to the east and the moon slowly tucking itself into bed behind the ridge on the west. I wipe the dew off the face of my watch, 6:03am. I take a deep breath of the mountain air, as clean as pure spring water and then I feel nature begin to call. With the first task of the day accomplished, I pack up camp and prepare for the days hike. The higher up the mountain I go, more and more of my group members began to fade. Some of the members stop to rest on a log that has fallen victim to Mother Nature. Others pause to take pictures of themselves, overlooking the valley below. The lake glimmers from the sun’s rays and the cool north winds push the clouds across the sky. Feeling excited now, I want to keep going to get the view from the top. Sitting on a log to rest or taking pictures just does not seem so appealing anymore. I do not know what about hiking in the mountains that became so addicting to me, but there is definitely something about it. Maybe it is the way that all my worries and troubles seem to disappear into the land. I run around all day climbing peak after peak, not thinking twice about the rest of the world. All the TV’s, cell phones, palm pilots and other gadgets of the day that seem to keep me entertained at home are like a candle in the wind when compared to Mother Nature, who offers plenty to keep me occupied.

Negotiation Tactics

Law of the Olympic Games Law 451D – Sec. 001 (4-Credit Seminar) Spring 2010 Administrative Information Professor Joseph Weiler Instructor: Ken Cavalier E-mail: [email  protected] ubc. ca E-mail: [email  protected] net Phone: 604 – 822 – 4246 Phone: 604 – 581 – 0261 Office: Curtis 221 Instructor: Arun Mohan Instructor: Brian Schecter E-mail: [email  protected] comE-mail: [email  protected] com Phone: 604 – 375 – 3901 Class Schedule: Tuesday: 2 – 5 pm Classroom: UCLL 173 (Lower Level of the Leon and Thea Koerner University Centre) Evaluation Term paper accounts for 2/3 of the final grade. a. Approximately a 30 – 40 page paper is expected. b. The paper is due on Friday, April 30 by 4:30 p. m. c. Papers must be handed in at the Fish Bowl (Reception) Desk in paper format, and e-mailed to Professor Weiler in Word format. Class participation accounts for 1/3 of the final grade. a. A portion of the class participation mark will be based on a discussion that will be led by a student-group and center on the topics delineated in the course schedule (next page). b. A portion of the mark will be based on a discussion outline that must be created and handed out to the class—preferably by e-mail—at least a week before your particular discussion. c. A portion of the mark will be based on participating in the other discussions. Course Materials Students will read from the Course Kit, which will emailed to everyone. In addition, in preparation for the weekly discussions, the class will read the discussion outlines prepared by their fellow students, as well as materials from the suggested readings listed in these outlines. These materials will be available online and/or on course reserve. Schedule The course will follow the schedule detailed below: Week 1January 5Introduction and Administration Week 2January 12Administration: Group Topic Organization Week 3 January 19 The Olympic Movement: Setting the Stage -History, goals, values, benchmarks Week 4January 26 The Bid Process — Fairness, scandals, checks and balances – — Lessons from previous bids Guest: Don Rosenbloom (2010 Bid Corp) Student Discussants: Andy Roy: [email  protected] com Jon Conlin: [email  protected] com Week 5 February 2 Citizen Engagement and the Olympics Plebiscites, interest groups/watchdogs, community activation and mobilization -Housing Impacts: Positive and/or Negative? Guests: Rob VanWynsberghe (UBC: OGI Project) and Brenda Metropolit (VANOC) Student Discussants: Samuel Loeb: [email  protected] com Christian Nielsen: [email  protected] com Week 6 February 9 Eligibility to Play / Judging of Events â €“ Use of Performance Enhancing Drugs, Illegal Drugs, – Gender equity: the Women Ski Jumpers Case – Disability – Nationality – ADR-Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) – Comparison with professional sports and tours Guest: Nick Hopewell (Sports Lawyer) Student Discussants: Alexis Marach: [email  protected] com Week 7February 16No Class due to Midterm Olympic Games Break Week 8February 23No Class due to Midterm Olympic Games Break Week 9March 2Building and Operating the Games – Operation of the labour market, wage inflation and building costs, regulation of work stoppages employment equity strategies, use of volunteers Guests: Brian Dolsen (2010 Bid Corp, 2010 Legacies Now) and Roslyn Kunin (Canada West Foundation) Student Discussants: Alia Somji: [email  protected] com Peter Thoegersen: [email  protected] dk Emilie Vingtoft-Andersen: [email  protected] com Week 10March 9Revenue Sources: Sponsorship – Trademarks and Sponsorship – Exclusivity – Sponsors as â€Å"Olympic Partners† – Ambush marketing Guest: tba Student Discussants: Chris Filipchuk: c. [email  protected] com Alexandra Tratnick: [email  protected] com Week 11March 16 Revenue Sources: Broadcast -Television, radio, videogames, Internet: Are they complementary or competitive properties and platforms? -Domestic rights, global rights, valuation strategies -Distribution of revenue: IOC and NOCs and OCOGs -Relation to sponsorship Guests: tba Student Discussants: Audrey Lim: audry. [email  protected] com Neil Spencer: [email  protected] a Week 12 March 23 Sustainability and the Olympic Games -The Triple Bottom Line of Sustainability: Economic, Environmental and Social Sustainability Guests: Linda Coady, Margaret Dickson (VANOC) Student Discussants: Alasdair Shaw: [email  protected] gla. ac. uk Week 14 March 30 Aboriginal Inclusion: the Fo ur Host First Nations as Olympic Partners Guest: Tewanee Joseph, Executive Director, Paul Manning (Senior Consultant) : Four Host First Nations (FHFN) Secretariat Student Discussants: Victor Ing: [email  protected] ubc. ca Gina Wu: gina. cy. [email  protected] com Week 14April 6 Olympic Legacies: 2010 Legacies Now Building Better Communities -Sport and Recreation, Literacy, Arts, Volunteers Guests: Bruce Dewar (2010 Legacies Now) Student Discussants: Robert Pinsent: [email  protected] com Week 15April 13Cultural Olympiad -Torch Relay, Opening and Closing Ceremonies -Relation between Cultural Olympiad and other media and entertainment products during Games time -Ambush marketing and citizen protests -Cultural legacies UBC’s Role in the Games Guests: Michelle Aucoin, UBC Olympic Secretariat Student Discussants: Course Wrap-Up April 30 (Friday)Paper Due at 4:30 p. m. Via E-mail to Professor Weiler and Hard Copy to Fishbowl Office Negotiation Tactics Law of the Olympic Games Law 451D – Sec. 001 (4-Credit Seminar) Spring 2010 Administrative Information Professor Joseph Weiler Instructor: Ken Cavalier E-mail: [email  protected] ubc. ca E-mail: [email  protected] net Phone: 604 – 822 – 4246 Phone: 604 – 581 – 0261 Office: Curtis 221 Instructor: Arun Mohan Instructor: Brian Schecter E-mail: [email  protected] comE-mail: [email  protected] com Phone: 604 – 375 – 3901 Class Schedule: Tuesday: 2 – 5 pm Classroom: UCLL 173 (Lower Level of the Leon and Thea Koerner University Centre) Evaluation Term paper accounts for 2/3 of the final grade. a. Approximately a 30 – 40 page paper is expected. b. The paper is due on Friday, April 30 by 4:30 p. m. c. Papers must be handed in at the Fish Bowl (Reception) Desk in paper format, and e-mailed to Professor Weiler in Word format. Class participation accounts for 1/3 of the final grade. a. A portion of the class participation mark will be based on a discussion that will be led by a student-group and center on the topics delineated in the course schedule (next page). b. A portion of the mark will be based on a discussion outline that must be created and handed out to the class—preferably by e-mail—at least a week before your particular discussion. c. A portion of the mark will be based on participating in the other discussions. Course Materials Students will read from the Course Kit, which will emailed to everyone. In addition, in preparation for the weekly discussions, the class will read the discussion outlines prepared by their fellow students, as well as materials from the suggested readings listed in these outlines. These materials will be available online and/or on course reserve. Schedule The course will follow the schedule detailed below: Week 1January 5Introduction and Administration Week 2January 12Administration: Group Topic Organization Week 3 January 19 The Olympic Movement: Setting the Stage -History, goals, values, benchmarks Week 4January 26 The Bid Process — Fairness, scandals, checks and balances – — Lessons from previous bids Guest: Don Rosenbloom (2010 Bid Corp) Student Discussants: Andy Roy: [email  protected] com Jon Conlin: [email  protected] com Week 5 February 2 Citizen Engagement and the Olympics Plebiscites, interest groups/watchdogs, community activation and mobilization -Housing Impacts: Positive and/or Negative? Guests: Rob VanWynsberghe (UBC: OGI Project) and Brenda Metropolit (VANOC) Student Discussants: Samuel Loeb: [email  protected] com Christian Nielsen: [email  protected] com Week 6 February 9 Eligibility to Play / Judging of Events â €“ Use of Performance Enhancing Drugs, Illegal Drugs, – Gender equity: the Women Ski Jumpers Case – Disability – Nationality – ADR-Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) – Comparison with professional sports and tours Guest: Nick Hopewell (Sports Lawyer) Student Discussants: Alexis Marach: [email  protected] com Week 7February 16No Class due to Midterm Olympic Games Break Week 8February 23No Class due to Midterm Olympic Games Break Week 9March 2Building and Operating the Games – Operation of the labour market, wage inflation and building costs, regulation of work stoppages employment equity strategies, use of volunteers Guests: Brian Dolsen (2010 Bid Corp, 2010 Legacies Now) and Roslyn Kunin (Canada West Foundation) Student Discussants: Alia Somji: [email  protected] com Peter Thoegersen: [email  protected] dk Emilie Vingtoft-Andersen: [email  protected] com Week 10March 9Revenue Sources: Sponsorship – Trademarks and Sponsorship – Exclusivity – Sponsors as â€Å"Olympic Partners† – Ambush marketing Guest: tba Student Discussants: Chris Filipchuk: c. [email  protected] com Alexandra Tratnick: [email  protected] com Week 11March 16 Revenue Sources: Broadcast -Television, radio, videogames, Internet: Are they complementary or competitive properties and platforms? -Domestic rights, global rights, valuation strategies -Distribution of revenue: IOC and NOCs and OCOGs -Relation to sponsorship Guests: tba Student Discussants: Audrey Lim: audry. [email  protected] com Neil Spencer: [email  protected] a Week 12 March 23 Sustainability and the Olympic Games -The Triple Bottom Line of Sustainability: Economic, Environmental and Social Sustainability Guests: Linda Coady, Margaret Dickson (VANOC) Student Discussants: Alasdair Shaw: [email  protected] gla. ac. uk Week 14 March 30 Aboriginal Inclusion: the Fo ur Host First Nations as Olympic Partners Guest: Tewanee Joseph, Executive Director, Paul Manning (Senior Consultant) : Four Host First Nations (FHFN) Secretariat Student Discussants: Victor Ing: [email  protected] ubc. ca Gina Wu: gina. cy. [email  protected] com Week 14April 6 Olympic Legacies: 2010 Legacies Now Building Better Communities -Sport and Recreation, Literacy, Arts, Volunteers Guests: Bruce Dewar (2010 Legacies Now) Student Discussants: Robert Pinsent: [email  protected] com Week 15April 13Cultural Olympiad -Torch Relay, Opening and Closing Ceremonies -Relation between Cultural Olympiad and other media and entertainment products during Games time -Ambush marketing and citizen protests -Cultural legacies UBC’s Role in the Games Guests: Michelle Aucoin, UBC Olympic Secretariat Student Discussants: Course Wrap-Up April 30 (Friday)Paper Due at 4:30 p. m. Via E-mail to Professor Weiler and Hard Copy to Fishbowl Office

Civl Rights essays

Civl Rights essays During the time of 1963, Black people had been suffering in the hands of injustice for about two hundred years. Even after the Emancipation Proclamation many of them were frustrated and discouraged because of their social status. On August 28, 1963 one of the greatest and most prominent civil rights speakers took the stage to address many supporters of the cause. On that day Martin Luther King, Jr. spoke the words "I Have a Dream" speech at the March of Washington for Jobs and Freedom. By way of these words, he hoped to make his fellow advocates of civil rights to rise up and to take actions. He tried to inspire people to fight for the "unalienable Rights of Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness." He had inspired growing national civil rights movement. His goal was to completely end the system of segregation in every aspect of public life (stores, no separate bathrooms and drinking fountains, etc.) King tried to influence to lift up his brothers and sisters, Blacks and otherw ise and to make them step up with their whole hearts to the challenge and to fight for their equal rights. He was a strong and determined man. That is why many people believed in him. He was a very confident man and he deeply believed in equal rights. That is why he believed in himself and believed in his cause and that is why he started out his speech like this "I am happy to join with you today in what will go down in history as the greatest demonstration for freedom in the history of our nation. He knew that a huge crowd would be their supporting him. People from all over came to D.C. to hear his speech. Most were blacks, but there were also whites that were supporting the Civil Rights Movement. In delivering his speech, Martin Luther King included certain rhetorical components in order to raise action to his audience. Repetition is always a very important rhetorical device of a rise-to-action speech. Audiences are more likely to be mov...

Ritalin essays

Ritalin essays Ritalin (Methylphenidate) is a mild CNS stimulant. In medicine, Ritalin's primary use is treatment of Attention DeficitHyperactive Disorder (ADHD). The mode of action in humans is not completely understood, but Ritalin presumably activates the arousal system of the brain stem and the cortex to produce its stimulant effect. Recently, the frequency of diagnosis for ADHD has increased dramatically. More children and an increasing number of adults are being diagnosed with ADHD. According to the Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) (Bailey 1995), prescriptions for Ritalin have increased more than 600% in the past five years. Ritalin has a long history of controversy regarding side effects and potential for abuse, however it greatly Ritalin (Methylphenidate) is manufactured by CIBA-Geigy Corporation. It is supplied in 5 mg., 10 mg., and 20 mg. tablets, and in a sustained release form, Ritalin SR, in 20 mg. tablets. It is readily water soluble and is intended for oral use. It is a Schedule II Controlled Substance under both the Federal and Vermont Controlled Substance Acts. Ritalin is primarily used in the treatment of Attention Deficit/Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD) (Bailey 1995). ADHD is a condition most likely based in an inefficiency and inadequacy of Dopamine and Norepinephrine hormone availability, typically occurring when a person with ADHD tries to concentrate. Ritalin improves the efficiency of the hormones Dopamine and Norepinephrine, increasing the resources for memory, focus, concentration and attention (Clark 1996). Ritalin has been used for more than 30 years to treat ADHD. Nervousness and insomnia are the most common adverse reactions reported, but are usually controlled by reducing dosage or omitting the afternoon or evening dose. Decreased appetite is also common but usually transient (Long 1996). According to Clark (1996), children, adolescents and adults diagnosed with A...

Leadership Traits Required for Successful E&P Companies Essay

Leadership Traits Required for Successful E&P Companies - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that Oil and Gas exploration industry in Africa is growing at a significant rate. The continent has a lot of potential for development and growth. This potentiality is helping Africa to experience significant foreign direct investments and business deals. The leaders are considered as major growth drivers of this oil and gas industry. It is the responsibility of the leading organizations to minimize the chances of workplace hazards. It is important to ensure health and safety of the employees to attain high reputation in the business market. Several leading organizations are implementing different types of leadership traits in order to meet the demand of the global population. British Petroleum is one of the leading organizations around the globe. They are operating in almost 80 countries. The brand image and personality helped the organization to expand their business in global marketplace. Tony Hayward and John Boone took some initiatives to maintain sustainable business operation of BP in the global market. But lack of pre-assumed initiatives and safety measures by Tony took the priceless lives of 11 employees in Rig explosion. The essay effectively discusses that a global organization cannot achieve success without best sustainable business practices and ability to motivate business partners and staffs. Introduction The oil and gas companies are growing on a continuous basis in Africa. The continent supplies about 8% of the total oil supply in the world which is equivalent to about 132.4 trillion barrels of oil every year. Adding to this the continent also supplies 7.0% of the oil that the entire world consumes. The continent has a shale gas potential of 15.7% of the world production and produces about 12% of the total production of oil in the world. This had led to the development of numerous oil and exploration companies in the continent and at present, there are about 32 national oil producing companies in Afri ca. Since the continent has a lot of potential for growth and development, it experiences a lot of foreign direct investments and deals throughout the year. Most of the potential regions providing oil are in the countries of Nigeria, Libya, Algeria, and Egypt. Thus the oil and gas industry is a booming industry in Africa and the success behind the growth is the natural resources that the countries are blessed with and the leaders of the companies who channel the resources in the right direction to generate the desired outcome. Leadership Traits Required for Successful Oil and Gas companies in Africa. The leaders act as the chief drivers of the growth of the oil and gas industry. The industry is exposed to a lot of risks and therefore the leaders of the companies have to be instrumental in running the entire drilling and exploration process safe and efficient. This safety awareness in the organization is essential both at the organization level and at the individual level. Thus the l eaders must practice this principle at every level of their operations. They should also maintain a safe environment for the workers of the companies. Along with this, they have to be extremely committed to the work that they deliver and this attitude should act as a guiding behavior for the rest of the employees of the organization. The leaders should aim at optimizing the conditions of oil exploration by minimizing the risks and maximizing the productivity. That would enable the companies to provide welfare to the society by and large. The leaders in this particular industry often make wrong decisions that lead to several accidents and injuries without reaping any substantial benefits. Thus it is necessary for the leaders to not only provide a guideline to the people regarding the work proceedings but also to monitor and scrutinize the activities on a day to day basis. These services have to be rendered by the leader with a lot of honesty otherwise the desired results cannot be ac hieved.

To prepare a marketing communications plan to launch a new brand Essay

To prepare a marketing communications plan to launch a new brand (Yumee) into the UK market - Essay Example The report provides a comprehensive marketing communication plan for the new product â€Å"Yummee† a fresh fruit juice to be launched in to the UK market. A market analysis along with target market segments is discussed prior to setting marketing objectives. The marketing communication plan is linked to these overall marketing objectives to ensure a fully integrated marketing communication strategy. The Exotic Juice Company Ltd (TEJCL) is in the second position in the UK’s fresh fruit juice and fruit based drinks such as smoothies market behind the market leader, Innocence. The company has earned a reputation for product quality over the past hundred years of its existence and have a brand image, which is of â€Å"value for money† contrary to the high-end premium priced Innocence products. With their product portfolio currently carting orange, grapefruit and pineapple based products, the company wishes to expand their range with introduction of products, which targets the growing segment of health conscious consumers. After intensive investments in product development and market research, the company is ready to launch â€Å"Yummee† a product made of Yumberry, a â€Å"super fruit† from Australia, which is a rare and precious berry that provides a deep red colored juice and is purported to carry healthy benefits. For a company to be successful in business, it needs to respond to the changes in the market place by developing and implementing business strategies, that takes in to account the dynamic micro and macro business environment (Abell 1980, Thomson & Strickland 2003). The report provides a market analysis of the Fresh Fruit Juice market in UK and also assess the new product, Yummee’s strengths and weaknesses in relation to environmental conditions. . A SWOT analysis can be used in drawing conclusions on how a company can best align its resource base to take advantage of the business opportunities while safeguarding

Successful Electronic Communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Successful Electronic Communication - Essay Example In the report I will acknowledge your contributions, and I will send you a copy of the completed report if you wish. I am writing you with the hope that you could provide me with information on the Glucoscan II blood glucose monitoring system. A representative at Lifescan informed me that your clinic is currently using this system. I became aware of this new device through an announcement discovered through an Internet source. The Boston Diabetes Center was listed as a test center for the Glucoscan II and you were listed as the contact. After discovering an advertisement from Lifescan in the January 19XX issue of Diabetes Forecast, I became interested in pursuing more information about the device for a report that I am writing for a technical writing class at Muskeegee University. I have written the company and received a great deal of useful information, however it was recommended to me that I write several current users of the system from whom I can obtain first hand knowledge of use of the system. I would be very grateful if you could answer the following questions for me: A representative from Lifescan has indicated that your clinic is one of the leaders in implementing new technology for diabetics and I am therefore eager to hear about your experiences with this device. In the report I would like your permission to acknowledge your contribution and I will forward a copy of the completed report if you wish. In the process of writing an e-mail, it is important to remember that the communication should still adhere to practices of good grammar and polished writing. The e-mail that has been used as an example was written with good form. The example message of this paper uses a good form for the basic structure of the communication. However, the message itself was not clear to the reader. The first impression of an e-mail is found in the subject line. The original subject line reads â€Å"Request for diabetes information†, which is not

Creative Art and Fine Art Essay Example for Free

Creative Art and Fine Art Essay By a broad definition of art,[9] artistic works have existed for almost as long as humankind: from early pre-historic art to contemporary art; however, some theories restrict the concept to modern Western societies. [10] The first and broadest sense of art is the one that has remained closest to the older Latin meaning, which roughly translates to skill or craft. A few examples where this meaning proves very broad include artifact, artificial, artifice, medical arts, and military arts. However, there are many other colloquial uses of the word, all with some relation to its etymology. The second and more recent sense of the word art is as an abbreviation for creative art or fine art and emerged in the early 17th century. [13] Fine art means that a skill is being used to express the artists creativity, or to engage the audiences aesthetic sensibilities, or to draw the audience towards consideration of the finer things. The word art can refer to several things: a study of creative skill, a process of using the creative skill, a product of the creative skill, or the audiences experience with the creative skill. The creative arts (art as discipline) are a collection of disciplines that produce artworks (art as objects) that are compelled by a personal drive (art as activity) and convey a message, mood, or symbolism for the viewer to interpret (art as experience). Art is something that stimulates an individuals thoughts, emotions, beliefs, or ideas through the senses. Artworks can be explicitly made for this purpose or interpreted on the basis of images or objects. Although the application of scientific knowledge to derive a new scientific theory involves skill and results in the creation of something new, this represents science only and is not categorized as art. Often, if the skill is being used in a common or practical way, people will consider it a craft instead of art. Likewise, if the skill is being used in a commercial or industrial way, it may be considered commercial art instead of fine art. On the other hand, crafts and design are sometimes considered applied art. Some art followers have argued that the difference between fine art and applied art has more to do with value judgments made about the art than any clear definitional difference. [14] However, even fine art often has goals beyond pure creativity and self-expression. The purpose of works of art may be to communicate ideas, such as in politically, spiritually, or philosophically motivated art; to create a sense of beauty (seeaesthetics); to explore the nature of perception; for pleasure; or to generate strong emotions. The purpose may also be seemingly nonexistent. Art is a diverse range of human activities and the products of those activities; this article focuses primarily on the visual arts, which includes the creation of images or objects in fields including painting, sculpture, printmaking, photography, and other visual media. Architecture is often included as one of the visual arts; however, like the decorative arts, it involves the creation of objects where the practical considerations of use are essential—in a way that they are usually not for a painting, for example. Music, theatre, film, dance, and other performing arts, as well as literature, and other media such as interactive media are included in a broader definition of art or the arts. [1] Creative arts is a subject of study for a number of universities, including those that offer a degree of Bachelor of Creative Arts. [1] Areas of study include dramaturgy, music, graphic arts/cartooning, performing arts, film, publishing, galleries, museums, and the visual arts.

Commentary: Fitt IV Essay example -- English Literature

Commentary: Fitt IV The extract from Fitt IV describes the first intended blow of the Green Knight against Gawain. Many lines at the beginning of the extract are dedicated to creating the image of the Green Knight picking up his weapon and preparing himself to deal the deadly blow to Gawain. Much of the focus is on the Green Knight’s physical strength, for example ‘With alle the bur in his body’ and ‘Hade hit dryven adoun as drey as he atled, / Ther hade bend ded of his dynt that doghty was ever’. Moreover, the description of the weapon also provides a formidable presence for Gawain, ‘Gederes up hys [the Green Knigh’s] grymme tole, Gawayn to smyte’. However, instead of landing the fatal blow on Gawain’s neck, as discussed in the contract of the game, Gawain flinches away from the axe. The Green Knight is outraged and tells Gawain ‘Such cowardise of that knight cowthe I never here’ as Gawain recoiled in fear before encountering any pain. The Green Knight sees Gawain moving away from the blow of the axe as compromising his reputation as a knight at the court of Camelot. Throughout the first three fitts of the story Gawain can be seen as the epitome of chivalry, a virtue essential to an Arthurian knight. His behaviour when first accepting the challenge of the Green Knight demonstrates the chivalric asset of selfless loyalty towards his King, but also shows his humble attitude by the language he uses ‘And lest lur of my lyf, quo laytes the sothe / Bot for as much as ye ar myn em, I am only prayse; / No bounte bot your blod I in my bode knowe’. These chivalric qualities are further stressed by the Gawain-poet when describing Gawain’s armouring scene. Gawain’s shield, featuring the pentangle, is an iconic i... ...rld seems more virtuous than himself at that moment. The extract from Fitt IV is an essential moment of the story of ‘Sir Gawain and the Green Knight’. It encompasses part of the climax of the story, depicting that which Gawain has been working up to all year. The section also acts as a moment of tension within the final beheading scene as it is expected that Gawain will endure the blow and lose his head. However, the act of Gawain flinching away from the axe works as an anticlimax, a pattern which is repeated for the next two attempts of beheading. It is also surprising from the readers’ perspective that Gawain should recoil from the blow as up until this point he has been characterised as knightly, loyal and truthful. This moment in the story is an interesting change in pace and foresees the sudden twist in the plot at the end of the beheading scene.

Quiz Chapter 15

Question 1: Suppose you walk across a room carrying a bucket of water in your right hand. To keep the water from sloshing out, you walk at constant speed, making sure the bucket is kept at the same height above the ground. Which statement is true? a) You exert a force on the bucket and do work on the bucket as you carry it. b) You exert a force on the bucket but do no work on the bucket. c) You don’t exert a force on the bucket and you do no work on it. Answers: b Question 2: TRUE or FALSE: If an object moves from one point in space to another, then work has been done on the object. a) TRUE b) FALSE Answers: bQuestion 3: Suppose you push on a heavy table and the table doesn’t move. The work that you do is a) positive. b) zero. c) negative. Answers: b Question 4: A hockey puck slides across the ice and eventually comes to a stop. Which statement is true? a) The work done by gravity is zero. b) The work done by gravity is equal to the gravitational force times the distanc e the puck slides. c) The work done by gravity cannot be calculated. Answers: A Question 5: You lift a book bag straight upwards off the floor. Which statement is correct? a) You do the same work whether you lift the book bag quickly or slowly. ) You exert the same power whether you lift the book bag quickly or slowly. c) The work you do is zero, making the power also zero. Answers: A Question 6: Any object that has kinetic energy must be a) moving. b) falling. c) high above the ground. d) at rest. Answers: A Question 7: A book is at rest on a tabletop. One student calculates the potential energy as 15 J. Another student calculates the potential energy as 20 J. Which statement is correct? a) One or both of the students must have calculated the potential energy incorrectly. b) Both answers could be correct. c) Both answers are wrong because they use the wrong units. Read also Quiz Week 4Answers: b Question 8: TRUE or FALSE: An object that moves faster has greater potential energy. a) TRUE b) FALSE Answers: b Question 9: A ball is thrown straight up into the air (with no air resistance). Where is the ball’s potential energy the greatest? a) When it is first released b) Half way up c) At its highest point Answers: c Question 10: A softball player hits a â€Å"pop up† (where the ball is hit high above the infield). As the ball rises, we know that a) the kinetic energy increases as the potential energy decreases. b) the kinetic energy decreases as the potential energy increases. ) the kinetic energy and potential energy both increase. d) the kinetic energy and potential energy both decrease. Answers: b Question 11: TRUE or FALSE: A small fly can have a bigger momentum than a large truck. a) TRUE b) FALSE Answers: a Question 12: You and a friend stand on ice skates facing each other in the middle of a frozen pond. If you throw a basketb all to your friend (who happens to weigh less than you do), what happens? a) You and your friend both move away from each other at the same speed. b) Your friend moves away from you at a faster speed than you have. ) Your friend moves away from you at a slower speed than you have. d) You don’t move but your friend moves away at a very fast speed. Answers: b Question 13: A tetherball is made by attaching one end of a rope to a ball and the other to a pole. After you hit the ball, the rope wraps around the pole as the ball circles it with a shorter radius each time it goes around. Which of the following statements is correct about the ball after it is hit? a) Both the angular momentum and the speed of the ball increase. b) Both the angular momentum and the speed of the ball decrease. ) The angular momentum of the ball stays constant while the speed of the ball increases. d) The angular momentum of the ball stays constant while the speed of the ball decreases. Answers: c Questio n 14: As a tornado becomes more narrow, the rotational speed a) decreases. b) increases. c) stays the same. Answers: b Question 15: You see a rocket fly by with a speed that you measure to be close to the speed of light. a) The person standing on the ground sees the rocket looking â€Å"compressed† along the direction of motion, while the person in the rocket sees the person on the ground looking â€Å"stretched. b) The person standing on the ground sees the rocket looking â€Å"compressed† along the direction of motion, and the person in the rocket sees the person on the ground also looking â€Å"compressed. † c) The person standing on the ground sees the rocket looking â€Å"stretched† along the direction of motion, while the person in the rocket sees the person on the ground looking â€Å"compressed. † d) The person standing on the ground sees the rocket looking â€Å"stretched† along the direction of motion, and the person in the rocket sees the person on the ground also looking â€Å"stretched. † Answers: b

Easyjet and the Recession

CONTENTS PAGE 1. – Introduction_________________________p. 3 2. – Application__________________________p. 4 2. 1. – Easy Jet profile__________________p. 4 2. 2. – PESTEL Analysis__________________p. 4 2. 3. – Porters Five Forces________________p. 5 2. 4. – SWOT__________________________p. 7 3. 0. – The Challenge_______________________p. 7 4. 0. – Recommendation____________________p. 8 5. 0. – References_________________________p. 8 1. – INTRODUCTIONAccording to Boddy (2008), management refers to the process of bringing together individuals with the sole intention of achieving desired objectives, aims and goal using available resources effectively. Composed of several vital tenets, this paper seeks to establish the relation between management and the Competing Values Framework (CVF), and how the model can effectively be implemented and their influences in an organization. Boddy settles that CVF is the most significa nt model used in determination of organizational culture with a deeper focus on a value dimension.These dimensions include the micro emphasis and organization structure, significant factors in organizational management. Management comprises of five major functions namely planning, organizing, leading and controlling and co-ordination. As such, the effective functioning of these major tenets forms essences of management with a greater concentration on long term and short term effects. One key factor of management is planning. Through planning, management is able to secure and allocate human resources, financial resources, technological resources as well as natural resources to support the predominant objectives (Stewart, 1963).On the other hand, organizing requires that managers establish a structure of working relationships to allow organizational members to interact and cooperate to achieve organizational goals. Tentatively, leading requires managers not only to articulate a clear vision for organizational members to follow but also energize and enable organizational members to appreciate and understand the part they play in achieving organizational goals. Controlling entails the process of evaluation of how well an organization is achieving its goals and taking action to maintain or improve performance.It is based on the fact that managing an activity effectively depends on periodically monitoring and evaluation. Separate activities inevitably need co-ordination and control lest they fail to achieve what is expected of them (Knights & Wilmott, 1999). Even then, it calls for managers to understand and apply the Competing Values Framework which basically empowers them to appreciate conflicting values and integrate them successfully, so that their organizations are open to collaboration and growth.Through the competing values framework, they are able to oversee teams that work towards opposite goals and integrating them at the right time, so that each value can be developed successfully. Burns (2004) clearly demonstrated the role management and ascertained that management typically involves working in a highly fragmented way. Managers play interpersonal roles, where they serve as organizational figure heads, leaders and liaison. Moreover, they play informational roles whereby they serve as informational monitors, disseminators of information and organizational spokespersons.In addition, they play decisional roles where they are organizational entrepreneurs, handle disciplinary cases, resource allocators and are organizational negotiators (Huczynski & Buchanan, 2001). To effectively play these roles, managers need the support of others and hence, they must not take that support for granted. This means, they must do things in a way that maintains an acceptable degree of internal and external support. 2. – APPLICATION 2. 1. – Easy Jet profile Easy Jet Airline Company is an excellent example of a no-frills airline based in Londo n. Stelios Haji-Ioannou founded the company in 1995.The carrier copies the Texas based low cost carrier. It has reduced its fare to almost one-third the amounts charged by State sponsored airlines like British Airways. The company mostly focuses on direct selling as a key part of controlling cost. It has the company’s URL painted on both sides of the Jets in its trademark orange. Easy Jet bases its idea on the principle that the determining factor in air transport is price elasticity. Initially, airlines operated on the assumption that the number of passengers grows in line with the economy and cutting of conveyance fees will result to reduced revenue.Easy Jet operates on 125 routes from 39 European airports. Its main airports are Luton, Liverpool, Geneva, and Amsterdam and were operating 72 aircrafts by November 2003 (Easy Jet Airline Company). The company’s mission statement is to provide customers with a safe, good value point-to-point air services. To ensure consis tent, reliable product and fares, appealing to leisure and business markets on a range of European Routes. Evidently, Easy Jet is in mass transport business. It focuses on leisure and business travellers offering them point to point air transport with safe, good value.Easy Jet as at 30 September 2009 had a staff of 8,000 people throughout Europe (Easy Jet Airline Company). 2. 2. – PESTEL Analysis PESTEL analyses are the factors that are likely to have an impact on the airline business and they need to be taken into consideration when formulating a working marketing plan for Easy Jet. Political Factor Due to the war going on in Iraq, Afghanistan and the rest of Middle East, the threat of airline attacks and air jacking is eminent. This is likely to reduce the numbers of routes to the Middle East, thereby reducing the evenue. The government does not consider air mile a taxable benefit this may give Easy Jet a level ground to compete against the State sponsored airline like Brit ish Airways. The possible East enlargement of European Union may provide viable new markets for the Easy Jet. The dynamic nature of the economy causes constant price fluctuation. This leads to increase in prices of fuel, which affects the net profit of a company, which in return reduces the amount Easy Jet, can commit to corporate social responsibility (Henry 2008). Economic FactorEasy Jet Airline is likely to be affected by increasing fuel costs, congestion, and other environmental restrictions such as noise and air pollution. In addition, there is a prospect of increased security and insurance costs to reflect the risk posted by terrorism. There is also recession, which is likely to last for a longer time this will cause business and leisure travellers to check on their travelling expenses. More business emerged for Easy Jet after the introduction of a single currency, which makes Europe, integrated (David 2001).Technological Factor Improvement in technology will have an effect on Easy Jet. This technological advancement is such as use of internet on booking of tickets, advertising, distribution, and cost synergies from industry consolidation (Henry 2008). The key issue to Easy Jet is whether these improved technologies are going to offset the upward pressure on prices and costs. For Easy Jet to gain competitive advantage they have to keep abreast with the advancement in the field of e-commerce and aircraft manufacture.Improvement in technology increasingly becomes cheaper reducing barriers to entry for competitors to join. This may result to a reduced level of profits for the Easy Jet. To counter this, research and development expenditure acts as an obstruction to deter potential entrants into the markets, this give Easy Jet a more competitive advantage over their rivals in the airline industry (David 2001). Social Factor Easy Jet values the safety of their customers, airline, and its staff. This mission statement motivates and attracts passengers to fly ag ain after assurance of safe and secure flights.Easy Jet must be heavy internet dependent for booking and checking of flights. Therefore, to satisfy customers, quick and easy service method needs to be adopted. Easy Jet maintains high, career standards, which lead to staffs to commit themselves on an excellent standard service (Henry 2008). 2. 3. – Porters Five Forces To get a better analysis of the airline industry, there is a need to use porter’s five forces. The concepts determine the competitive intensity and attractiveness of company to survive in a given market.The Threat of Substitute There is minimal competition from other alternative means of transport. The cost and time advantage of aircrafts outweighs the comfort of cars and train. Easy Jet has partly addressed this issue by providing low cost flight that has seen an increase in customer because it is first and convenient. Although, other means may be cheap but delays caused by breakdown and traffic makes cus tomers opt to travel on air (Porter 2008). The Threat of New Entrants Threats of new entrants are minimized by high capital requirements.Easy Jet started on a loan of 5 million Euros and had two aircrafts. The investment needed an initial sum of 50 Euros, which it raised to speed up expansion plan through debts. The company has purchased other airlines through acquisition and has made it have a competitive advantage over other players in the market. Easy Jet have to be aware of new entries that come with new innovate ways of doing business and incentives that will attract customers. The company should have strategies that will see it survive in this industry (David 2001).The Power of Suppliers Easy Jet Company has less power to alter the prices of fuel as prices of fuel relate directly to cost of fuel. Easy Jet operates a single type of aircraft until recently. This dependency on one manufacture could pose a serious threat in the future (David 2001). The expansion and the acquisitio ns the company has made the bargaining power on its suppliers has increased. The purchase of low cost carrier has helped the company to offer better services to its customer and retain them (Porter 2008). The Power of BuyersPower of buyers in the airline industry is much stronger because customers will window shop for better price. The customers usually exploit existence of price discrepancies; this means that the operator must regularly keep watch on the prices. Easy Jet needs to establish the customers’ loyalty because of low switching costs (Porter 2008). Rivalry among Existing Firms Easy Jet faces a lot of competition in UK. Among its key rivals is Ryan air, BMIbaby, MyTravelLite and Buzz. In its expansion plan, Virgin express, Hapag Lloyd Express and Air Berlin might become major competitors.British Airways is also a competitor though it targets other markets segments. Easy Jet focuses on offering convenient services for instance flex fare that allows free of charge chan ges to flight within a window. The company also gives its customer the option to transfer on to an earlier without extra charge. This has made the company enjoy a large market and remain competitive in the industry (Porter 2008). 2. 4. – SWOT Strengths †¢Strong e-business. †¢Innovative and flexible organization. Weaknesses †¢No customer retention policy. †¢Unappealing for business travellers. Opportunities †¢Reduced aircraft prices The recession: Favourable, as people are more con-conscientious. Threats †¢Difficulties to expand. †¢Saturated market. 3. 0. – THE CHALLENGE A recession refers to a period of economic decline or contraction in the Gross Domestic Product for six months or longer, but does not last longer than a year. It is characterized by high levels of unemployment, stagnant wage rates and decline in sales. Typically, recessions are considered a normal part of a capitalist economy and there has not been an obvious cause of a recession though most of the time, the blame falls on the federal leadership.As such, recessions portend negative and positive consequences (Handy, 1988). One of the positive effects is realized in cases of layoffs. This period provides employees an opportunity to evaluate and re-evaluate their career choices, work, skills and opportunity to secure other better jobs. As such it is a chance to invest in other potential business ventures. Many experts have termed a recession as a relaxed ambiance for starting a small business after which one can work their way to the top.Moreover, a recession presents an opportunity to save as people are hesitant to spend. Tentatively, recessions are characterized by low mortgage rates in the process providing an opportunity to invest in property. In addition, recessions lead to greater consumer and travel deals as stores offer discounts and encourage bargains to attract consumers and entice purchasing of their products (Collinson, 1992). Despite t he positive sides of recession, it presents detrimental negative consequences. It is important that to note that this process leads to lower conomic activity, falling stocks and slumping dividends and extensive retrenchment otherwise known as laying off employees. Because of this, the effect of recession in an organization cannot be underestimated. During this economic droop, there are reported cases of falling stocks, credit impairment and bankruptcy, employee layoffs and benefit reduction, cuts to quality goods and services and reduced customer access tale place (Mintzberg, 1979). This causes a discrepancy in the business operations and consequently negatively impacts its profitability. . 0. – RECOMMENDATION A business operating over a recession period, is subjected to a high risk environment, thus, the recommendable CVF model to adopt is the open systems model. The model has proved effective in steering many organizations through continuous adaptation and innovation (Pugh, 1990). The model not only encourages creative problem solving, innovation and management of change. This has lead to the acquisition and keeping of necessary external resources needed for organizational success and improved performance. . 0. – REFERENCES Boddy, D. 2008. Management: An Introduction (4th ed. ) London: FT Prentice Hall. Burnes, B. 2004. Managing Change: A Strategic Approach to Organizational Dynamics, 4thed. Harlow, Essex: Pearson Education. Collinson, D. 1992. Managing the Shop floor. Berlin: Walter De Gruyter. David, F, (2001), Strategic Management: Concepts & Cases, Prentice Hall: Upper Saddle River. Easy Jet Airline, Available at < http://www. easyjet. com> [May 2012]. Handy, CB. 1988. Understanding Organizations. London: Penguin.Henry, A, (2008), Understanding Strategic Management, Oxford University Press Huczynski, A. & Buchanan, D. 2001. Organizational Behavior: An Introductory Text. Harlow: FT Prentice Hall. Knights, D. and Wilmott, H. 1999. Management Lives. London: Sage. Mintzberg, H. 1979. The Nature of Managerial Work. Englewood Cliffs. Prentice-Hall Porter, M, (2008), On Competition, Harvard Business School Pub: Boston. Pugh, DS. 1990. Organization Theory: Selected Readings. London. Penguin. Stewart, R. 1963. The Reality of Management. London. Heinemann.